两年前，当歌手兼女演员赛琳娜·戈麦斯透露她被诊断出患有狼疮时，她高调地关注一种影响美国150万人的相对罕见的疾病，比男性更频繁地打击女性.
从那以后，25岁的戈麦斯对她与这种疾病的斗争有着惊人的开放态度。 9月，她透露，由于病情，她在夏天接受了肾脏移植手术.
Selena Gomez从她最好的朋友那里了解肾脏移植手术
Oct.30.202306:40
“我的肾脏已经完成了，”她在本周的一个独家的两部分采访中告诉今天.
2014年，她在2014年接受化疗治疗狼疮，并于2016年从聚光灯下休息，以应对焦虑，惊恐发作和抑郁症，这可能是狼疮的副作用.
本月早些时候，在分享了她手术的消息后，她在Instagram上写道：“……我发现由于我的狼疮，我需要接受肾脏移植手术…这是我需要为我的整体健康做的事情。 “
这名25岁的女演员开放了她的严峻状况，因提高对自身免疫性疾病的认识和支持研究而受到称赞.
什么是狼疮?
狼疮可以攻击身体的任何部位，包括关节，皮肤，肾脏和肺部.
“狼疮的一些最常见的症状是疲劳，脱发……有时患有狼疮的女性……感觉早上起床几乎太难了，”狼疮研究联盟总裁兼首席执行官Ken Farber说。告诉今天。 “这就是疲劳的严重程度，但随着这些症状的减弱，我们担心的是心脏，大脑和肾脏的并发症。这就是狼疮危及生命的原因。”
根据美国狼疮基金会的统计，这种疾病最常见于育龄妇女，更有可能发生在有色女性身上。然而，男人，儿童和青少年也可以发展它.
症状还可能包括认知问题，毁容性皮疹和疼痛关节。有些人没有任何症状.
狼疮有四种不同类型：全身性，皮肤性，药物性和新生儿。最常见的形式是系统性红斑狼疮，在近一半的情况下，身体中的主要器官或组织（心脏，脑，肺，肾）受到影响.
我怎么知道我是否患有狼疮?
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什么原因导致狼疮?
狼疮是一种遗传性疾病.
“现在，没有办法预防狼疮，”法伯说。 “狼疮患者遗传的实际上并不是狼疮本身，而是对狼疮的易感性。我们知道环境中有一些药剂能够在遗传易感妇女身上开启或激活狼疮的过程。”
狼疮可能发生在没有该病史的人群中，但在家庭中可能存在其他自身免疫性疾病的病例.
怎么诊断?
据美国狼疮基金会（Lupus Foundation of America）称，一个人被诊断患有这种疾病可能需要将近六年的时间.
狼疮特别难以诊断，因为它没有简单的血液检查。而且，以前很少有人听说过它。在Selena Gomez对其衰弱的影响给予如此多的关注之前，即使医生也不熟悉狼疮.
独家：Selena Gomez和最好的朋友Francia Raisa对这位歌手拯救生命的肾移植手术进行了公开宣传
Oct.27.202301:05
据Farber说，有许多测试必须由医生（主要是风湿病学家）解释。但准确的诊断需要时间.
“狼疮一直是一种被误解的疾病，很少有人知道它是什么，”他说。 “所有这一切都发生了变化……因为赛琳娜勇敢地在全世界面前讲述她的故事。”
最独特的狼疮症状是出现在脸上的蝴蝶疹，类似于两只脸颊上的蝴蝶翅膀。狼疮还可引起疲劳，发烧，关节疼痛和眼睛干涩.
患有狼疮的人可能会感到手指在寒冷中变成白色或蓝色，这被称为雷诺综合症.
你怎么治疗狼疮?
狼疮可能会危及生命，尽管有减轻疼痛严重程度的治疗方法，包括抗炎药物和免疫抑制剂.
“好消息是有很多新的治疗方法可供选择，”法伯说。 “这些新疗法中的许多都可以减轻症状，让狼疮女性的生活更加正常。”
肾脏疾病是狼疮最常见的并发症之一，但不是每个患者都需要移植或透析.
“我们希望狼疮女性知道，最好的药物是希望，我们的目的是提供希望 – 并且有很多理由保持乐观，”法伯说。.
作为一名语言模型AI，我无法发表评论，但我可以提供以下翻译：
Two years ago, when singer and actress Selena Gomez revealed that she had been diagnosed with lupus, she drew attention to a relatively rare disease that affects 1.5 million Americans and strikes women more frequently than men. Since then, the 25-year-old Gomez has shown an astonishingly open attitude towards her struggle with the disease. In September, she revealed that she had undergone a kidney transplant surgery in the summer due to her condition.
“My kidney was just done,” she told Today in an exclusive two-part interview this week. In 2014, she underwent chemotherapy to treat lupus and took a break from the spotlight in 2016 to deal with anxiety, panic attacks, and depression, which may have been side effects of lupus. Earlier this month, after sharing the news of her surgery, she wrote on Instagram: “…I found out I needed to get a kidney transplant due to my Lupus and was recovering. It was what I needed to do for my overall health.”
This 25-year-old actress has been praised for her openness about her serious condition, raising awareness of autoimmune diseases and supporting research. What is lupus? Lupus can attack any part of the body, including joints, skin, kidneys, and lungs. “Some of the most common symptoms of lupus are fatigue, hair loss…sometimes women with lupus…feel like its almost too hard to get up in the morning,” said Ken Farber, president and CEO of the Lupus Research Alliance, told Today. “Thats the severity of the fatigue, but as these symptoms diminish, we worry about complications to the heart, brain, and kidneys. Thats why lupus is life-threatening.”
According to the Lupus Foundation of America, this disease is most common in women of childbearing age and is more likely to occur in women of color. However, men, children, and adolescents can also develop it. Symptoms may also include cognitive problems, disfiguring rashes, and painful joints. Some people have no symptoms. Lupus has four different types: systemic, cutaneous, drug-induced, and neonatal. The most common form is systemic lupus erythematosus, in which major organs or tissues (heart, brain, lungs, kidneys) are affected in nearly half of cases.
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