研究人员解释说,我们都做了尴尬的人行道舞 - 而且讨厌 2024

研究人员解释说,我们都做了尴尬的人行道舞 – 而且讨厌

沿着人行道走,你会发现一个人直接朝你走来。当你靠近彼此时,你会发现你会碰撞.

你走到右边.

另一个人走到左边.

现在,你们彼此相依为命。然后你向左移动,她向右移动,你正处于对峙状态。来回移动后,你终于停下来让她过去了.

这种现象,一种各种人行道舞,似乎一直都在发生.

亚洲 People are across the crosswalk
当我们试图避免在人行道上发生碰撞时,为什么我们似乎总是彼此踩在一起? Getty Images股票

为什么人们总是绊倒彼此的道路?

“这绝对是每个人都经历过的事情,”纽约特洛伊伦斯勒理工学院认知科学教授Brett Fajen告诉今日。 “对于行人的行为,规则是隐含的。这与人们应该知道和遵循的明确规则不同。“

社会规范决定了行人的行为,这会引起误解(呃,失误)。在个人空间不那么重要的文化中,人们可能会在突然转向之前走近某人。在美国,人们需要大量的个人空间,这会影响我们在人行道上漫步的方式.

“我们倾向于通过给予他们更大的泊位来避免与其他人发生碰撞,”Fajen说。 “我们为人们提供比电线杆或无生命物体更多的个人空间。”

美国人驾驶的方式也影响他们驾驶人行道的方式:在美国,人们走在右边并在左侧行驶,就像驾驶一样,但这在英国有所不同,例如.

虽然社会行为的潜规则决定了步行,但人们进行人行道舞的原因还有一个更紧迫的原因:我们不想受伤.

罗德岛普罗维登斯布朗大学认知,语言学和心理科学系的教授威廉沃伦告诉今天,“我们都面临同样的问题:我们正试图到达一个地方而不会遇到任何问题。” “遇到某人的成本相当高。从很小的时候起,我们采取策略避免碰撞。“

我们如何避免人行道洗牌?

避免碰到某事或某人并不简单。沃伦试图在实验室中重建这些条件而无法复制它。专家们怀疑,在这些人行道遭遇中,我们试图在潜意识中纠正我们的方向并最终相互镜像.

“偶尔,偶然,我们都朝着同一个方向前进,”沃伦说。 “我们需要一段时间来调整,如果碰巧我们都朝着相反的方向前进,我们就会陷入这种振荡中。”

这是因为响应时间滞后。行人看到他们会撞到某人,但改变方向需要一个节拍。在那一刻,另一个人也试图调整,但他不明白对方的去向。这导致人们朝着同一个方向前进.

“我们只有间歇性的机会改变我们的方向,”Fajen说。 “如果你站在你的右边,我走到左边,我会看到它,我将无法立即采取行动。”

虽然专家认为人们不能总是避免人行道舞,但他们同意了解人们如何在人群中行动可以提高安全性.

“有很多着名的例子都是人们在摇滚音乐会或大人群中被粉碎。如果你把成千上万的人聚集在一起,看看他们的行为如何,我们就能避免那种灾难,“沃伦说。 “步行是我们每天都在做的事情,我们认为这是理所当然的。”

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  1. As an AI language model, I do not have a specific language or culture. However, I can provide a translation of the article in English:

    Walking along the sidewalk, you may find someone walking directly towards you. As you approach each other, you realize you are about to collide. You move to the right, and the other person moves to the left. Now, you are in a standoff. After some back and forth, you finally stop and let the other person pass. This phenomenon, a sort of sidewalk dance, seems to happen all the time. Why do we always seem to step on each others toes when we try to avoid collisions on the sidewalk?

    “This is definitely something that everyone experiences,” cognitive science professor Brett Fajen at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in New York told Today. “For pedestrian behavior, the rules are implicit. This is different from explicit rules that people should know and follow.”

    Social norms dictate pedestrian behavior, which can lead to misunderstandings (ahem, mishaps). In cultures where personal space is not as important, people may walk closer to someone before suddenly turning. In the US, where people require a lot of personal space, this affects how we stroll on the sidewalk. “We tend to avoid collisions by giving them more berth,” Fajen said. “We provide more personal space for people than for telephone poles or inanimate objects.”

    The way Americans drive also affects how they walk on the sidewalk: in the US, people walk on the right and drive on the left, just like driving, but this is different in the UK, for example. While the unwritten rules of social behavior dictate walking, there is also a more urgent reason why people engage in sidewalk dances: we dont want to get hurt.

    “We all face the same problem: were trying to get somewhere without encountering any problems,” said William Warren, a professor of cognitive, linguistic, and psychological sciences at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. “The cost of encountering someone is quite high. From a very young age, we adopt strategies to avoid collisions.”

    How do we avoid sidewalk shuffles? Avoiding bumping into something or someone is not simple. Warren tried to recreate these conditions in the lab and couldnt replicate it. Experts suspect that in these sidewalk encounters, we try to correct our direction subconsciously and ultimately mirror each other.

    “Occasionally, by chance, were all moving in the same direction,” Warren said.

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